Suwon Cultural Foundation

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Southwestern Guard Pavilion of Hwaseong Fortress, ...

Gangnu is a pavilion-like structure positioned on a relatively high part of the fortress walls, where troops were able to rest and keep watch on the surrounding areas. During extraordinary situations, it also served as a command post. One of four such pavilions, Seonamgangnu is located at the southern end of Yongdo, a passageway along the outer perimeter of the fortress used for patrolling, and situated on the southern slope of Mt. Paldal. It was built between April 16 and July 20, 1796 (the 20t...

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Eastern Bastion of the Extended Wall of Hwaseong F...

Chi are turret-like protruding sections placed at regular intervals along a fortress wall from which defenders could protect the fortress and drive back an approaching enemy. There are ten such structures at Hwaseong. The term chi, which literally means "a pheasant," was applied to these structures because pheasants are adept at hiding and remaining watchful. Yongdodongchi is located to the east of Yongdo, a passageway along the outer perimeter of the fortress used by patrols.

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Southern Artillery Bastion of Hwaseong Fortress, ...
	Namporu, one of the five cannon forts at Hwaseong Fortress, was built in July 9, 1796, between Paldalmun (South Gate) and Seonamammun (Southwestern Secret Gate) to defend the sections of the fortress walls near Paldalmun and Hwayangnu Pavilion. The artillery position is set up on a bastion of the fortress wall.

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Southern Bastion of Hwaseong Fortress, Suwon

Chi are turret-like protruding sections placed at regular intervals along a fortress wall from which defenders could protect the fortress and drive back an approaching enemy. There are ten such structures at Hwaseong. The term chi, which literally means "a pheasant," was applied to these structures because pheasants are adept at hiding and remaining watchful.  Namchi is located between Paldalmun (South Gate) and Namporu (Southern Sentry Post).

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Southeastern Guard Pavilion of Hwaseong Fortress, ...

Gangnu is a pavilion-like structure located on a relatively high place of the fortress walls where troops were able to rest and keep watch on the surrounding areas. During extraordinary situations, it also served as a command post. Among the four such pavilions, Dongnamgangnu has the widest angle view in and out of the fortress. Located opposite the Namgongsimdon (Southern Watchtower), it was built to defend the sections near the Namsumun (Southern Floodgate).

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Eastern Bastion III of Hwaseong Fortress, Suwon

Chi are turret-like protruding sections placed at regular intervals along a fortress wall from which defenders could protect the fortress and drive back an approaching enemy. There are ten such structures at Hwaseong. The term chi, which literally means "a pheasant," was applied to these structures because pheasants are adept at hiding and remaining watchful. Dongsamchi is located between Dongiporu (Eastern Sentry Post II) and Dongnamgangnu (Southeastern Pavilion).

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Eastern Guard Pavilion II of Hwaseong Fortress, Su...
	A poru is a wooden structure positioned on the bastion, a protruding section of the fortress wall, for overwatch. Dongiporu, one of five such posts at Hwangseong Fortress, was built to defend Bongdon (Beacon Tower). Located between Hwaseomun (West Gate) and Janganmun (North Gate), it was built in July 3, 1796 (the 20th year of King Jeongjo’s reign).

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Beacon Tower of Hwaseong Fortress, Suwon

The Beacon Tower in Hwaseong Fortress was constructed on June 17, 1796, as an integral part of the fortified architecture, not as an independent tower on top of a mountain as typically seen in Korean fortresses. This brick tower of Hwaseong Fortress is representative of the high degree of aesthetic refinement that marks the overall workmanship of the site. In normal times, a beacon signal of smoke or fire from the southernmost fire chimney of the tower was sent to the beacon towers at Mt. Seokse...

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Eastern Bastion II of Hwaseong Fortress, Suwon

Chi are turret-like protruding sections placed at regular intervals along a fortress wall from which defenders could protect the fortress and drive back an approaching enemy. There are ten such structures at Hwaseong. The term chi, which literally means "a pheasant," was applied to these structures because pheasants are adept at hiding and remaining watchful.  Dongichi is located between Dongporu (Eastern Cannon Fort) Bongdon (Beacon Tower).

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Eastern Artillery Bastion of Hwaseong Fortress, S...
	One of the five cannon forts at Hwaseong Fortress, Dongporu is located between Dongilchi (Eastern Turret I) and Dongichi (Eastern Turret II).  Constructed on July 16, 1796 (the 20th year of King Jeongjo’s reign), the artillery position is build on a bastion of the fortress wall.